• Another breakthrough towards the understanding of the mechan

  2021-02-01

  

  Another breakthrough towards the understanding of the mechanisms responsible for stress-induced relapse to drug seeking behaviour is the evidence published by the group of Wise [34] in which they show that the activation of VTA CRF2 and not CRF1 receptors is responsible for stress-mediated relapse t

• Based on the ability of CRF to modulate

  2021-02-01

  

  Based on the ability of CRF to modulate nociception, we hypothesized that stress leads to hyperalgesia by the activation of CRF1 and/or CRF2 receptors in the spinal cord. We tested this hypothesis using an acute forced swim as a widely used and easily reproducible stressor and grip force as a measur

• In this study we observed alterations in mRNA

  2021-02-01

  

  In this study, we observed alterations in mRNA levels of CRF receptors in the PFCx and Hip during the development of sensitization. In particular, in the Hip both CRF receptors showed significantly increased BRL 37344, sodium salt sale when the sensitization condition was established. Similarly, CR

• Sampling sediments is usually performed with grab

  2021-02-01

  

  Sampling sediments is usually performed with grab corers [16], [29]. The digested sludge analyzed by Ternes et al. [16] was taken directly from the digester and the activated sludge was obtained by Cyprodime hydrochloride of the slurry of STPs [16]. Collected samples are transported under cooled co

• In the current study cocaine did not significantly increase

  2021-02-01

  

  In the current study, cocaine did not significantly increase negative subjective effects and nepicastat did not increase these responses. This outcome is somewhat surprising given that the most commonly reported effect to date has been to increase the aversive properties of cocaine such as anxiety,

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We thank

  2021-02-01

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We thank Geneviève Almouzni, Sophie Polo, Ralph Scully, Wael Mansour, and Jeremy Stark for providing cell lines and Wolf Heyer, Haico van Attikum, Martijn Luijsterburg, and Brendan Price for helpful discussions. We thank Ratna Weimer, Bettina Basso, Christel Braun,

• Diacylglycerol kinases DGK and are

  2021-02-01

  

  Diacylglycerol kinases (DGK) α and ζ are lipid kinases that limit diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent activation pathways downstream of the TCR (Merida et al., 2015). Their upregulation in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has been linked to generation of hyporesponsive states that contribute to immun

• br Inhibition of DHODH The

  2021-02-01

  

  Inhibition of DHODH The final products 7a–n were assessed for their DHODH inhibitory activity on rat liver mitochondrial/microsomal membranes. A procedure adapted from the literature was employed (see Experimental), in which oxidation of DHO to ORO is monitored by following the concomitant reduct

• Cell lines which possess microglial or neuronal

  2021-02-01

  

  Cell lines which possess microglial or neuronal properties are uncomplicated and convenient in vitro models for studying Cy5 carboxylic acid (non-sulfonated) injury at the cellular and molecular levels. Microglial BV-2 cells are derived from the immortalized mouse microglia and exhibit many of the

• It is worth mentioning that in

  2021-02-01

  

  It is worth mentioning that, in this study we only observed the responses of CYP450 to the short-term exposure of DSP toxins (12 h). However, the toxic effects of DSP toxins to bivalves appeared to abate with longer exposure (Pinto-Silva et al., 2005; Flórez-Barrós et al., 2011; Prego-Faraldo et al.

• Sixty eight male Sprague Dawley rats

  2021-02-01

  

  Sixty-eight male Sprague–Dawley rats were acquired from the University of South Dakota Laboratory Animal Services (Vermillion, SD, USA) and housed in pairs at 22°C (60% relative humidity) on reverse 12h light/dark PR619 (dark cycle started at 10:00a.m.) with food and water freely accessible. The pr

• The COMT gene is involved in numerous

  2021-01-30

  

  The COMT gene is involved in numerous psychological and physiologic processes, including modulation of pain. Polymorphisms in this gene have also been associated with many painful conditions, including pain sensitivity in children. Bivariate analysis demonstrated that individuals with heterozygous C

• It is well known that acrolein a

  2021-01-30

  

  It is well known that acrolein, a metabolite of cyclophosphamide, is responsible for the cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis, and that acrolein is capable of activating TRPA1 channels expressed in the capsaicin-sensitive primary afferents [2], [11]. In this context, it is likely that the early phase o

• is one of the few parasites that can be

  2021-01-30

  

  is one of the few parasites that can be encysted and excysted and we tested the localization and role of HA-tagged gEno in both differentiations, using a recently developed integrated vector that introduces a C-terminal triple HA tag under the selection marker puromycin . The localization of HA-ta

• The acids applied in this study are commonly used in

  2021-01-30

  

  The acids applied in this study are commonly used in dental practice. Phosphoric bapta am is an oxyacid used regularly for adhesion of resin composites. Enamel phosphoric acid etching can dissolve and demineralize the inorganic [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2] matrix, creating micro pores and microgrooves to impr

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