• Some aspects of intercellular Ca wave spread are

  2021-12-28

  

  Some aspects of intercellular Ca2+ wave spread are similar to the phenomenon of spreading depression and associated with migraine headache [57]. These depolarization waves, followed by electrical inhibition, are evoked by transient hypoxia and other types of Protein A/G injury and spread slowly acro

• The effects of galanin on

  2021-12-28

  

  The effects of galanin on anxiety may depend on the site of drug administration, on the galanin receptor subtypes activated and on the animal models of anxiety employed (Barrera et al., 2005, Holmes and Picciotto, 2006, Soares et al., 2016a, Soares et al., 2016b). For instance, administration of gal

• br Summary The presented results of the

  2021-12-28

  

  Summary The presented results of the analysis of the unfolding of G-quadruplex and i-motif, which may appear within the telomeric DNA region, led to several important conclusions. Namely, determination of the work necessary to unfold of these structures, in biased molecular dynamics involving ste

• Recently accumulated evidence has revealed a

  2021-12-28

  

  Recently, accumulated evidence has revealed a close link of FXR to gluconeogenesis. For example, activation of FXR by its agonist GW4064 improved hyperglycemia in db/db mice by repressing gluconeogenesis [15], and FXR agonist CDCA decreased transactivation activity of key gluconeogenic genes by indu

• Fpr which belongs the family of the

  2021-12-28

  

  Fpr1, which belongs the family of the formyl peptide receptors with FPRL1 and FPRL2, is the principal receptor for formylated peptides which prototype is the tri-peptide fMLF. Fpr1 is highly expressed on neutrophils and macrophages [6,30], promotes their migration into the mucosa and lumen in respon

• In addition to the four classical FGFRs there is

  2021-12-28

  

  In addition to the four classical FGFRs there is an additional receptor, FGFR like-1 (FGFRL1, also known as FGFR5) (Ornitz and Itoh, 2015, Trueb et al., 2003). FGFRL1 gene was discovered in a cartilage specific cDNA library in 2000 (Trueb, 2011, Trueb et al., 2003) and thereafter it has been found i

• A few animal and cell culture studies have been

  2021-12-28

  

  A few animal and cell culture studies have been reported that the reason of HCV-related hepatic steatosis in CHC infection is mainly HCV core protein (Chang et al., 2007; Perlemuter et al., 2002; Ferré, 2004). HCV core protein inhibits activities of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) and

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Directly

  2021-12-28

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Directly modulating specific target proteins and signaling pathways with small-molecule drugs or agonistic Disulfiram is widely used for cancer metastasis therapies [[39], [40], [41]]. ANXA7 acts as a metastasis suppressor in prostate cancer. Howeve

• In addition for the function of GSNOR in

  2021-12-28

  

  In addition, for the function of GSNOR in brain, since GSNOR is the sole alcohol dehydrogenase isozyme in brain, the failure to detect ethanol dehydrogenase activity poses a problem if it is assumed that this enzyme has evolved and developed as a protective mechanism for ethanol detoxification in th

• br Introduction Excitatory pyramidal neurons are generated

  2021-12-28

  

  Introduction Excitatory pyramidal neurons are generated in the cortical ventricular zone and migrate into the cortical plate alongside the radial glial processes (Chanas-Sacre et al., 2000, Hartfuss et al., 2001, Noctor et al., 2001, Rakic, 1972, Tan et al., 1998). Neuronal migration determines t

• Among the symbiotic bacteria contained in the probiotics

  2021-12-28

  

  Among the symbiotic bacteria contained in the probiotics, lactic-acid-producing bacteria (LAB) have been suggested to confer broad spectrums of health benefits, such as activation of mucosal and systemic immunity and resistance to infectious illnesses (Schiffrin et al., 1995, Wells and Mercenier, 20

• In this study we saw change in GHS

  2021-12-27

  

  In this study, we saw change in GHS-R1a mRNA expression in fasting condition. It is noteworthy that changes in ghrelin and GHS-R1a mRNA expression synchronized in organs were examined. In the Loxapine and pituitary, gene expression increased 4days after fasting, and the increased level declined unt

• br FXR FGF in the control of BAs synthesis The

  2021-12-27

  

  FXR–FGF15/19 in the control of BAs synthesis The nuclear receptor FXR is the master regulator of BAs homeostasis, modulating their synthesis, ornidazole and uptake [15]. FXR decreases BA de novo hepatic biosynthesis by reducing the expression of CYP7A1. At the canalicular membrane, newly-synthes

• br Hedgehog pathway The Hedgehog pathway Fig derives its

  2021-12-27

  

  Hedgehog pathway The Hedgehog pathway (Fig. 1) derives its name from Hh gene mutant Drosophila, which presents a spiked phenotype resembling the animal “hedgehog” [13]. The Hh proteins control embryonic development in vertebrates, where the signaling mechanisms mediated by the proteins are multip

• However HDACi can also increase the

  2021-12-27

  

  However, HDACi can also increase the acetylation of other transcription factors that regulate p65 transcriptional activity. The HDACi-induced activation of p65 can be negated by acetylated STAT1, which can specifically bind to p65 and inhibit its transcriptional activity 81, 82, 83. Interestingly, a

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